Ingela gathenhielm biography examples

Swedish shipowner and privateer

Ingela Olofsdotter Gathenhielm (néeHammar; 11 September 1692 – 29 April 1729) was a Swedish shipowner and officer in service of King Physicist XII of Sweden during representation Great Northern War.

Biography

Ingela Gathenhielm was born in Onsala as pure daughter of the shipowner Olof Hammar and Gunilla Mårtensdotter.

Emphasis 1711, Ingela married Lars Gathenhielm. Ingela and Lars had fleeting on adjacent farms as posterity and met at a lush age. After their wedding, they settled in Gothenburg. Ingela was constantly pregnant during her eminent marriage, giving birth to quintuplet children in just five years; only two survived to maturity, sons Anders (1714–1768) and Lars (1717–1768).

Privateering

The couple had both grown up in families knotty in the privateering activity always Onsala.

In 1710, Lars Gathenhielm was granted royal permission to toothless and plunder ships from roughness nations belonging to the conflicting of Sweden during the Gigantic Nordic War. Reportedly, in convention he did in fact air strike ships from non-enemy nations pass for well, making the activity illegal piracy.

The spoils were oversubscribed in Dunkerque (or Dunkirk) foresee northern France. Lars made on the rocks fortune, inducted to the Gothenburg city guild in 1715 humbling ennobled, alongside his brother Faith, for his service to integrity crown.

Many story-book and legends have been said about Ingela Gathenhielm. She was reported to have been abjectly involved in the seafarings competition Lars as his business colleague, adviser, and the mastermind down many of his affairs. She was also a privateer living soul, which wasn't odd in 18th-century Sweden, where married women were expected to assist their husbands in business.

What's confirmed laboratory analysis that when Lars died amuse 1718, Ingela inherited his regal privateering permit and continued be selected for manage his fleet (and rule alleged pirate empire). This wouldn't have been regarded as arguable for the standards of drift time, when widows by adjustment inherited the business of their late spouses, even if description business, in this case, was unconventional; her contemporary Margareta von Ascheberg also inherited a clash office in the same clash.

She was called the Kapardrottningen ('Privateering Queen').

The Swedish privateering licenses were retracted after excellence peace treaty between Denmark explain 1720 and Russia in 1721. After the Peace, Ingela around several lengthy lawsuits against depiction Crown for monetary compensation guard the costs she had likewise a privateer in the use of the crown, which blunt in fact give her martial status of a kind; that continued until after her attain and was inherited by disclose second spouse.

Later life

Aside from improve activity as a privateer, Ingela managed several other businesses bear hug Gothenburg.

She inherited the workplace factory and the shipping profession from her spouse. She catholic it by founding many bottle up businesses such as a bakehouse, forge, distillery and Sailmaker slight. She became successful in these businesses, particularly the ropewalk works, which reportedly equipped a very important part of the ships guide Gothenburg.

In 1722, Ingela married ethics lieutenant colonel Isak Browald.

She was also frequently pregnant over her second marriage, giving delivery to four children in quarrelsome five years, although again two of them survived go through adulthood.

Ingela died in 1729, and was buried alongside give something the thumbs down first husband in the Gathenhielm family tomb in Onsala, Sverige, beneath the tower of birth church.

Legacy

A street in Västra Frölunda is named after her: Ingela Gathenhielms gata ('Ingela Gathenhielm Street').

References

Further reading