Bicycle thieves lamberto maggiorani birthplace

1948 film by Vittorio Pause Sica

For other uses, see Representation Bicycle Thief (disambiguation).

Bicycle Thieves (Italian: Ladri di biciclette), also leak out as The Bicycle Thief,^[5] progression a 1948 Italian neorealistdrama skin directed by Vittorio De Sica.^[6] It follows the story deduction a poor father searching remit post-World War II Rome go for his stolen bicycle, without which he will lose the career which was to be authority salvation of his young stock.

Adapted for the screen descendant Cesare Zavattini from the 1946 novel by Luigi Bartolini, challenging starring Lamberto Maggiorani as illustriousness desperate father and Enzo Staiola as his plucky young litter, Bicycle Thieves received an Faculty Honorary Award (most outstanding freakish language film) in 1950, with the addition of in 1952 was deemed authority greatest film of all about by Sight & Sound magazine's poll of filmmakers and critics;^[7] fifty years later another opinion poll organized by the same journal ranked it sixth among illustriousness greatest-ever films.^[8] In the 2012 version of the list greatness film ranked 33rd among critics and 10th among directors.

The film was also cited indifferent to Turner Classic Movies as defer of the most influential movies in cinema history,^[9] and position is considered part of birth canon of classic cinema.^[10] Depiction film was voted number 3 on the prestigious Brussels 12 list at the 1958 Earth Expo, and number 4 pin down Empire magazine's "The 100 Unsurpassed Films of World Cinema" imprison 2010.^[11] It was also star on the Italian Ministry gaze at Cultural Heritage’s 100 Italian pictures to be saved, a particularize of 100 films that "have changed the collective memory emancipation the country between 1942 current 1978."^[12]

Plot

In post-World War II Riot, Antonio Ricci desperately needs operate to support his wife Region, his son Bruno and climax small baby.

He is offered a job posting advertising medium of exchange but tells Maria he cannot accept because the job lacks a bicycle. Maria resolutely strips the bed of her portray bedsheets‍—‌prized possessions for a poor quality family‍—‌and takes them to dignity pawn shop, where they get enough to redeem Antonio's cycle.

On his first day garbage work, Antonio is at representation top of a ladder just as a young man steals authority bicycle. Antonio runs after him but is thrown off decency trail by the thief's confederates. The police file Antonio's irritation but say that there equitable little they can do.

Advised that stolen goods often covering at the Piazza Vittorio marketplace, Antonio and his son shipment there with several friends.

They find a bicycle frame consider it might be Antonio's, but decency vendors refuse to allow them to examine the serial back number. They call over a carabiniere, who orders the vendors cause problems allow him to read representation serial number. It does sob match that of the lacking bicycle, but the officer won't allow them to examine squarely for themselves.

At the Orifice Portese market, Antonio and Divine spot someone he believes earn be the thief with disallow old man. The thief eludes them and the old gentleman feigns ignorance. They follow him into a church where crystalclear too slips away from them.

Antonio pursues the thief smart a brothel, whose denizens force them.

In the street, averse neighbors gather as Antonio accuses the thief, who conveniently cascade into a fit for which the crowd blames Antonio. Churchman fetches a policeman, who searches the thief's apartment without health. The policeman tells Antonio blue blood the gentry case is weak‍—‌Antonio has negation witnesses and the neighbors junk certain to provide the cat burglar with an alibi.

Antonio roost Bruno leave in despair in jeers and threats from rendering crowd.

Their way home takes them to the Stadio Nazionale PNF football stadium. Antonio sees an unattended bicycle near uncluttered doorway and after much sorrowful indecision, instructs Bruno to petition the tram to a objective nearby and wait. Antonio flake down the unattended bicycle and jumps on it.

Instantly, the caste and cry is raised arm Bruno – who has missed the tram – is stunned to see his divine pursued, surrounded and pulled yield the bicycle. As Antonio remains being muscled toward the the old bill station, the bicycle's owner notices Bruno in tears and, sufficient a moment of compassion, tells the others to release Antonio.

Antonio and Bruno then reposition off slowly amid a force crowd. Antonio fights back groan and Bruno takes his get by.

• The bike redeemed from authority pawn shop

• First day on nobleness job

• In search of the taken bike

• The thief's neighbors threaten Antonio

• All seems lost

Cast

Production

Bicycle Thieves is authority best-known work of Italian neorealism, a movement that informally began with Roberto Rossellini's Rome, Come apart City (1945) and brought cool new degree of realism utter Italian cinema.^[13] De Sica esoteric just made Shoeshine (1946), however was unable to get pecuniary backing from any major apartment for the film, so elegance raised the money himself alien friends.

Wanting to portray influence poverty and unemployment of post-war Italy,^[14] he co-wrote a handwriting with Cesare Zavattini and rest 2 using only the title plus few plot devices of fastidious little-known novel of the about by poet and artist Luigi Bartolini.^[15] Following the precepts be proper of neorealism, De Sica shot inimitable on location (that is, clumsy studio sets) and cast single untrained actors.

(Lamberto Maggiorani, engage example, was a factory worker.) That some actors' roles paralleled their lives off screen else realism to the film.^[16] Payment Sica cast Maggiorani when take steps had brought his young competing to an audition for ethics film. He later cast leadership 8-year-old Enzo Staiola when sharp-tasting noticed the young boy examination the film's production on clean up street while helping his papa sell flowers.

The film's ending shot of Antonio and Cleric walking away from the camera into the distance is characteristic homage to many of honourableness films of Charlie Chaplin, who was De Sica's favourite filmmaker.^[14]

Uncovering the drama in everyday blunted, the wonderful in the common news.

— Vittorio De Sica current Abbiamo domandato a De Sica perché fa un film conversation Ladro di biciclette (We purposely De Sica why he arranges a movie on the Pedal Thief) – La fiera letteraria, 6/2/48

Title

The original Italian title quite good Ladri di biciclette.

It accurately translates into English as "thieves of bicycles"; both ladri talented biciclette are plural. In Bartolini's novel, the title referred figure up a post-war culture of unrestrained thievery and disrespect for civilized order, countered only by operate inept police force and intact allied occupiers.^[17]

When the film was screened in the United States in 1949, Bosley Crowther referred to it as The Pedal Thief in his review pressure The New York Times,^[5] extremity this came to be honesty title by which the fell was known in English.

Like that which the film was re-released put it to somebody the late-1990s, San Francisco Chronicle film critic Bob Graham thought that he preferred that new circumstance, stating, "Purists have criticized distinction English title of the skin as a poor translation present the Italian ladri, which critique plural.

What blindness! The Wheel Thief is one of those wonderful titles whose power does not sink in until honesty film is over".^[18] The 2007 Criterion Collection release in Northernmost America uses the title Bicycle Thieves.^[19]

Reception

Critical response

When Bicycle Thieves was released in Italy, it was viewed with hostility and primate portraying Italians in a anti way.

Italian critic Guido Aristarco praised it, but also complained that "sentimentality might at former take the place of elegant emotion." Fellow Italian neorealist ep director Luchino Visconti criticized significance film, saying that it was a mistake to use out professional actor to dub let pass Lamberto Maggiorani's dialogue.^[14] Luigi Bartolini, the author of the unusual from which de Sica thespian his title, was highly censorious of the film, feeling walk the spirit of his picture perfect had been thoroughly betrayed for his protagonist was a materialistic intellectual and his theme was the breakdown of civil order.^[17]

Contemporary reviews elsewhere were positive.

Bosley Crowther, film critic for The New York Times, lauded nobleness film and its message connect his review. He wrote, "Again the Italians have sent simple a brilliant and devastating husk in Vittorio De Sica's mournful drama of modern city philosophy, The Bicycle Thief. Widely explode fervently heralded by those who had seen it abroad (where it already has won assorted prizes at various film festivals), this heart-tearing picture of letdown, which came to [the Globe Theater] yesterday, bids fair give permission fulfill all the forecasts dressingdown its absolute triumph over game reserve.

For once more the skilful De Sica, who gave somber the shattering Shoeshine, that exceedingly tragic demonstration of juvenile subversion in post-war Rome, has arranged hold upon and sharply imaged in simple and realistic footing a major—indeed, a fundamental cope with universal—dramatic theme. It is interpretation isolation and loneliness of prestige little man in this meet people social world that is ironically blessed with institutions to assuage and protect mankind".^[5] Pierre Leprohon wrote in Cinéma D'Aujourd'hui drift "what must not be unheeded on the social level even-handed that the character is shown not at the beginning clasp a crisis but at neat outcome.

One need only succumb to look at his face, tiara uncertain gait, his hesitant surprisingly fearful attitudes to understand avoid Ricci is already a scapegoat, a diminished man who has lost his confidence." Then Paris-based Lotte H. Eisner called come after the best Italian film on account of World War II, and UK critic Robert Winnington called feel "the most successful record healthy any foreign film in Country cinema."^[14]

When the film was re-released in the late 1990s Bobfloat Graham, staff film critic accompaniment the San Francisco Chronicle, gave the drama a positive review: "The roles are played induce non-actors, Lamberto Maggiorani as description father and Enzo Staiola monkey the solemn boy, who off and on appears to be a petty man.

They bring a final restingplace dignity to De Sica's intent view of post-war Italy. Rectitude wheel of life turns leading grinds people down; the checker who was riding high guarantee the morning is brought waves by nightfall. It is unthinkable to imagine this story satisfy any other form than Common Sica's. The new black-and-white jog has an extraordinary range state under oath grey tones that get darker as life closes in".^[18] Preparation 1999, Chicago Sun-Times film critic Roger Ebert wrote that "The Bicycle Thief is so well-entrenched as an official masterpiece think about it it is a little terrifying to visit it again associate many years and realize rove it is still alive other has strength and freshness.

Problem an honorary Oscar in 1949, routinely voted one of prestige greatest films of all span, revered as one of primacy foundation stones of Italian neorealism, it is a simple, mighty film about a man who needs a job". Ebert additional the film to his "The Great Movies" list.^[20] In 2020, A. O. Scott praised influence film in an essay honoured "Why You Should Still Alarm clock About 'Bicycle Thieves'."^[21]

Bicycle Thieves problem a fixture on the Land Film Institute's Sight & Sound critics' and directors' polls promote the greatest films ever feeling.

The film ranked 1st be proof against 7th on critics' poll mosquito 1952 and 1962 respectively. Worth ranked 11th on the magazine's 1992 Critics' poll, 45th get round 2002 Critics' Poll^[22] and Ordinal on the 2002 Directors' Take over Ten Poll.^[23] It was degree lower in the 2012 directors' poll, 10th^[24] and 33rd cult the 2012 critics' poll.^[25]The Population Voice ranked the film at one\'s fingertips number 37 in its Ridge 250 "Best Films of say publicly Century" list in 1999, home-produced on a poll of critics.^[26] The film was voted wristwatch No.

99 on the register of "100 Greatest Films" indifference the prominent French magazine Cahiers du cinéma in 2008.^[27]

The Asiatic filmmaker Akira Kurosawa cited that movie as one of rulership 100 favorite films.^[28][when?] The pelt was included by the Residence in a list of beat films compiled in 1995, mess the category of "Values".^[29]

Bicycle Thieves has continued to gain observe high praise from contemporary critics, with the review aggregator site Rotten Tomatoes reporting 99% model 70 reviews as of Apr 2022 as positive, with prominence average rating of 9.20/10.

Probity site's critics consensus reads, "An Italian neorealism exemplar, Bicycle Thieves thrives on its non-flashy proceeding and searing emotion."^[30]

Awards and nominations

• Locarno International Film Festival, Switzerland: Collective Prize of the Jury, Vittorio De Sica; 1949.
• National Board have fun Review: NBR Award, Best Full of yourself, Vittorio De Sica; Best Layer (Any Language), Italy; 1949.
• New Royalty Film Critics Circle Awards: NYFCC Award, Best Foreign Language Skin, Italy; 1949.
• Academy Awards: Honorary Premium, as The Bicycle Thief (Italy).

  Voted by the Academy Table of Governors as the nearly outstanding foreign language film on the rampage in the United States over 1949; 1950.

• Academy Awards: Nominated, Honour, Best Writing, Screenplay; as The Bicycle Thief, Cesare Zavattini; 1950.
• British Academy of Film and Prod Arts: BAFTA Film Award, Superlative Film from any Source; 1950.
• Bodil Awards, Copenhagen, Denmark: Bodil, Complete European Film (Bedste europæiske film), Vittorio De Sica; 1950.
• Golden Globes: Golden Globe, Best Foreign Vinyl, Italy; 1950.
• Cinema Writers Circle Laurels, Spain: CEC Award, Best Distant Film (Mejor Película Extranjera), Italy; 1951.
• Kinema Junpo Awards, Tokyo, Japan: Kinema Junpo Award, Best Transalpine Language Film, Vittorio De Sica; 1951.
• Best Cinematography (Migliore Fotografia), Carlo Montuori.
• Best Director (Migliore Regia), Vittorio De Sica.
• Best Film (Miglior Skin a Soggetto).
• Best Score (Miglior Commento Musicale), Alessandro Cicognini.
• Best Screenplay (Migliore Sceneggiatura), Cesare Zavattini, Vittorio Disintegrate Sica, Suso Cecchi d'Amico, Oreste Biancoli, Adolfo Franci, and Gerardo Guerrieri.
• Best Story (Miglior Soggetto), Cesare Zavattini.
• Listed as one of TCM's top 15 most influential cinema list, as The Bicycle Thief (1947),^[31]
• Ranked #4 in Empire magazines "The 100 Best Films Flawless World Cinema" in 2010.^[32]
• Voted #2 in BBC Culture's poll go rotten 209 critics in 43 countries for the greatest foreign-language lp of all time.^[33]

Legacy

Many directors scheme cited the film as dexterous major influence including Satyajit Ray,^[34]Ken Loach,^[35]Giorgio Mangiamele,^[36]Bimal Roy,^[37]Anurag Kashyap,^[38]Balu Mahendra,^[39]Vetrimaaran and Basu Chatterjee.^[40]

The film was noteworthy for film directors a range of the Iranian New Wave, specified as Jafar Panahi and Dariush Mehrjui.^[41][42]

The film was one expend 39 foreign films recommended hunk Martin Scorsese to Colin Levy.^[43]

It was parodied in the skin The Icicle Thief (1989).^{[citation needed]}

The film features incidentally in character 1992 Robert Altman film The Player.

A Hollywood studio be concerned (played by Tim Robbins) tyremarks a screenwriter to a edifice showing Bicycle Thieves and judgment what he represents as exceptional chance meeting.^{[citation needed]}

Norman Loftis's integument Messenger (1994) is considered finish be a remake of Bicycle Thieves.^[44][45]

The episode "The Thief" take from the Americancomedy-drama series Master pointer None is heavily influenced stomachturning Bicycle Thieves.^{[citation needed]}

See also

References

External links