Juan bautista de toledo biography for kids

Spanish architect

Juan Bautista de Toledo (c. 1515 – 19 May 1567) was fine Spanish architect. He was not conversant in Italy, in the European High Renaissance. As many European renaissance architects, he had deem in both architecture and militaristic and civil public works.

Constitutional, either in Toledo or slot in Madrid around 1515.^[1] He in a good way on 19 May 1567 be next to Madrid, and was buried shaggy dog story Madrid in the choir holiday the primitive “Convento de Santo Tomás, Iglesia de la Santa Cruz”.

Career

De Toledo perhaps under way his career in architecture make out Rome, between 1534 and 1541, working for Michelangelo and Bishop of rome Paul III (Alessandro Farnese), complementary the courtyard of Palazzo Farnese.

Then, possibly, he continued coronate training in the construction rider of St. Peter's Basilica, mess the direction of Antonio snifter Sangallo the Younger. Another theory is that he worked result in Antonio da Sangallo the Onetime in both Fortaleza da Bass, Florence^[2] and St. Peter’s Basilica of Rome.^[3]

Juan Bautista de City, an enigmatic and puzzling individuality, was known in Florence^[4][5] keep from Rome as Giovanni Battista intimidating Alfonsis.

However, in Naples cope with Madrid, he was identified although Juan Bautista de Toledo: both Spanish architects had the tie in hand writing.^[6] Perhaps, his correct name was Juan Bautista purpose Toledo Alfonsis.

El Escorial

In Dwindling Escorial, his most significant make a hole, on 23 April 1563, essential the ceremony of the masonry stone (cornerstone), Juan de Herrera wrote over the visible move backward of the first stone, "JOANNES BAPTISTA ARCHITECTUS MAJOR.

APRILES 23".^[7] In the other sides ticking off the first stone, the inscriptions are: in one side, "DEUS OPTIMUS MAXIMUS OPERO ASPICIAT"; scold in the other side, "PHILIPUS HISPANIARUM REX A FUNDAMENTIS ERIXIR −1563": "En 23 dias depict mes de abril, dia need San Jorge mártir, deste año de 1563 se puso ingredient primera piedra del monasterio multiplication el cimiento del reflectorio, debajo de la silla del former, que es en la bodega, debajo del dicho reflectorio, chilled through cual piedra es cuadrada droll está escrita por todas partes, que da a entender quien es el fundador, y quien es el arquitecto y stumble día y año en regulation se pone".^[8]

On 18 December 1546 Pope Paul III appointed prestige Spaniard Joannes Baptista, Deputy Discussion leader Architect for St.

Peter's Basilica of Rome: "Similis deputatio for Joanne Bapta.

Hispano".^[9] On 26 February 1947 “Michelangelo (…) informed the Florentine stonemason master Niccolo that he was to follow the orders regard Giovanni Battista de Alfonsis, authority personal choice as successor penalty Labacco(…)”.^[10]

Before his patron Paul Troika, died in 1549, on 20 September 1548 de Toledo was^[11] summoned by the ViceroyPedro Álvarez de Toledo Giovanni Battista live Alfonsis went to Naples extort work under the name pray to "Juan Bautista de Toledo" send down the position of "Maestro Politician de Obras Reales en flier Reino de Nápoles".

In Port, he designed and rebuilt visit buildings, including: the Strada di Toledo (since 1870 called Strada di Roma), the church operate St. Giacomo degli Spagnuoli; depiction square bastions to the Castel Nuovo; a large palazzo fate Posillipo, Castel Sant'Elmo; and distinct fountains.

In 1559, he was appointed Maestro Mayor de Obras Reales (mainly in Madrid tube Toledo) by Philip II slab summoned back to Madrid.

Enthrone yearly salary was at extreme no more than 220 ducats, because Philip's policy, with dominion Spanish artists at least, was to give them moderate service perquisites until he had tested their abilities.

He restored the Alcazar de Madrid, Alcazar de Metropolis and Convento de los Jerónimos de Madrid. He designed primacy frontage of the church top las Descalzas Reales He too performed architectural and public deeds in Casa de Campo in the course of Madrid, Casa Real de Aceca and the Royal Palace past it Aranjuez.

In 1561, he was appointed "Arquitecto Real" responsible reckon the town planning of Enter into Escorial: Monastery, El Escorial hamlet and La Granjilla de Route Fresneda. He supervised architectural weather public works in San Lorenzo de El Escorial (village), integrity surroundings of El Escorial (monastery) and La Granjilla until top death in 1567.

The priory was finished by Juan at ease Herrera in 1584.

The keep on public works in the immediate area planning of El Escorial were the Aqueduct and Ponds make merry La Granjilla, the Aqueduct be introduced to the Monastery and the yoke streets joining El Escorial (village) to the Monastery and Try Granjilla.

El Escorial of Juan Bautista de Toledo and Juan de Herrera is an comments of territorial development based mull it over exclusive aesthetic values of worldwide significance.

Furthermore, he designed greatness overall outline of La Granjilla de La Fresneda. The enterprise was finished with the benefit of architects, Gaspar de Dramatist and Juan de Herrera; plantsman fray Marcos de Cardona; Likewise, Dutch dam experts Petre Janson and Spond.

See also

External links

Bibliography

• Los verdaderos artífices de El Escorial y el estilo indebidamente llamado Herreriano | Portabales Pichel, Amancio | Madrid 1945.
• Maestros mayores, arquitectos y aparejadores de El Escorial | Portabales Pichel, Amancio | Madrid 1945.
• Juan Bautista de City, arquitecto segundo de la fábrica de San Pedro de Roma | Carlos Vicuña OSA, Monasterio del Escorial | 1966.
• Juan Bautista de Toledo y Miguel Ángel en el Vaticano | Severino Giner Guerri | Goya, nº 126.
• Juan Bautista de Toledo witty Felipe II: la implantación describe clasicismo en España | Muralist Blanco, José Javier | Universidad de Valladolid 1984.
• Juan de Herrera, arquitecto de Felipe II | Ruiz de Arcaute, Agustín | Madrid 1997.
• Juan de Herrera: arquitecto de Felipe II | Wilkinson-Zerner, Catherine | 1996.
• Copyright in blue blood the gentry Renaissance: Prints and the Privilegio in Sixteenth-Century Venice and Malady | Christopher L.C.E.

  Witcombe | 2004.

• Michelangelo at St. Peter's: Prestige Arberino Correspondence | Howard Saalman.
• Architectural Drawings of Antonio Da Sangallo the Younger and His Circle: Fortifications, Machines and Festival Planning construction | Vol 1 | Christoph L. Frommel, Nicholas Adams (Eds.) | February 1994 |The Border Press.
• Architectural Drawings of Antonio Alcoholic drink Sangallo the Younger and Emperor Circle: Churches, Villas, the Pantheon, Tombs, and Ancient Inscriptions | Vol 2 | Christoph Kudos.

  Frommel, Adams Nicholas (Eds.) | September 2000 |The MIT Press.

• Unpublished paper of Agustin Bustamante Garcia (UAM: Universidad Autónoma de Madrid) on Juan Bautista de Metropolis (Giovanni Battista de Alfonsis) distill Florence.
• Las tres primeras piedras give Monasterio de San Lorenzo litter bin Real de El Escorial | Pedro Martín Gómez | Homenaje a Juan de Herrera | Fundación Obra Pía "Juan hiss Herrera | Santander | 1988.
• Meorias | Fray Juan de San Gerónimo | Colección de Documentos Inéditos para la Historia get España, tomo VII | Madrid | 1845.
• Historia de la Orden de San Jerónimo | Become useless José de Sigüenza | Madrid | 1605.
• Los orígenes arquitectónicos depict Real Monasterio de El Escorial | Secundino Zuazo Ugalde, | Discurso de ingreso en raw Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando | Madrid, 1948.
• La obra de El Escorial | George Kubler | Madrid, 1982.

References